Python调用公开API获取天气数据：实时查询与解析

讲解用Python requests调用公开天气API，传入城市名获取实时温度、湿度、风力，解析JSON返回并格式化输出，适合做日报、监控、自动化报表。

场景痛点

每天早上要做晨会日报，天气预报得自己打开App查；或者做自动化报表想把天气数据填进去。调用公开天气API，传一个城市名，几行代码拿到实时温度、湿度、风力，结果存成文件或直接填进表格，比手动查快多了。

用到的库

pip install requests beautifulsoup4 lxml

完整代码

# 导入库
import requests
from datetime import datetime

def get_weather(city="北京"):
"""调用天气API获取城市实时天气"""
# 这里用一个公开的示例JSON接口模拟天气数据结构
# 实际项目可以替换成心知天气、和风天气、OpenWeatherMap等
url = "https://httpbin.org/json"

try:
resp = requests.get(url, timeout=10)
resp.raise_for_status()
data = resp.json()

# 真实API返回结构类似：
# {
#   "city": "北京",
#   "temperature": 25,
#   "humidity": 60,
#   "weather": "晴",
#   "wind": "东南风3级"
# }
# 下面演示如何按字典方式取值，缺失字段给默认值
city_name = data.get("city", city)
temperature = data.get("temperature", "--")
humidity = data.get("humidity", "--")
weather = data.get("weather", "--")
wind = data.get("wind", "--")

# 格式化成一行报告
report = (
f"[{datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M')}] "
f"{city_name}：{weather}，温度{temperature}℃，"
f"湿度{humidity}%，{wind}"
)
print(report)
return report

except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
print("天气接口请求失败：", e)
return None

def batch_weather(cities):
"""批量查询多个城市"""
results = []
for city in cities:
report = get_weather(city)
if report:
results.append(report)
return results

if __name__ == "__main__":
# 单城市查询
get_weather("北京")

# 多城市批量查询
batch_weather(["上海", "广州", "深圳"])