Python批量提取压缩包密码列表教程

用Python遍历文件夹中的加密ZIP压缩包，配合自定义密码字典批量尝试解压，找回自己忘记密码的压缩文件，记录成功密码到清单。

场景痛点

以前存了一批加密ZIP压缩包，密码是自己设的，结果时间长了全忘了，只记得是某个常用密码段。手动一个一个压缩包去试，右键打开输密码，一百个包能试一下午。用Python写个密码字典脚本，自动遍历所有ZIP，挨个尝试字典里的密码，解出来的把密码记到Excel里，一次跑完。

用到的库

pip install zipfile36 openpyxl

Python3标准库自带 zipfile，下面直接用标准库，不需要额外装。导出清单用 openpyxl。

完整代码

import os
import zipfile
from pathlib import Path
from openpyxl import Workbook


def load_password_dict(dict_path: str) -> list:
"""从文本文件加载密码字典，每行一个密码。"""
path = Path(dict_path)
if not path.exists():
# 字典文件不存在就用内置常用密码兜底
return ["123456", "12345678", "888888", "666666",
"111111", "000000", "admin", "password",
"123123", "520520", "1314520"]
passwords = []
for line in path.read_text(encoding="utf-8", errors="ignore").splitlines():
line = line.strip()
if line:
passwords.append(line)
return passwords


def try_zip_password(zip_path: Path, passwords: list):
"""用密码列表挨个尝试解压，返回第一个成功的密码。"""
try:
with zipfile.ZipFile(zip_path, "r") as zf:
for pwd in passwords:
try:
# 读第一个文件做试探，不解压到磁盘
zf.read(zf.namelist()[0], pwd=pwd.encode("utf-8"))
return pwd
except (RuntimeError, zipfile.BadZipFile):
continue
except Exception:
continue
except zipfile.BadZipFile:
return None
return None


def batch_unlock(zip_dir: str, dict_path: str, out_dir: str):
"""遍历目录下所有zip，批量试密码。"""
root = Path(zip_dir)
out = Path(out_dir)
out.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
passwords = load_password_dict(dict_path)
print(f"密码字典共 {len(passwords)} 个候选密码\n")

results = []
for zfile in root.rglob("*.zip"):
print(f"正在尝试：{zfile.name} ...")
pwd = try_zip_password(zfile, passwords)
if pwd:
print(f"  成功！密码 = {pwd}")
# 解压到 out_dir/压缩包名/ 下
target_dir = out / zfile.stem
target_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
with zipfile.ZipFile(zfile, "r") as zf:
zf.extractall(target_dir, pwd=pwd.encode("utf-8"))
results.append({"file": str(zfile), "password": pwd,
"status": "成功"})
else:
print("  字典中未找到密码")
results.append({"file": str(zfile), "password": "",
"status": "失败"})

return results


def export_to_excel(results: list, out_path: str):
wb = Workbook()
ws = wb.active
ws.title = "解压密码清单"
ws.append(["序号", "压缩包路径", "密码", "状态"])
for idx, r in enumerate(results, 1):
ws.append([idx, r["file"], r["password"], r["status"]])
ws.column_dimensions['A'].width = 8
ws.column_dimensions['B'].width = 70
ws.column_dimensions['C'].width = 20
ws.column_dimensions['D'].width = 10
wb.save(out_path)


if __name__ == "__main__":
ZIP_DIR = r"D:\加密压缩包"
DICT = r"D:\加密压缩包\密码字典.txt"
OUT_DIR = r"D:\加密压缩包\已解密"

results = batch_unlock(ZIP_DIR, DICT, OUT_DIR)
export_to_excel(results, r"D:\加密压缩包\解压密码清单.xlsx")
print(f"\n完成！成功 {sum(1 for r in results if r['status']=='成功')} 个")

代码讲解

zipfile 是Python标准库，读ZIP文件开箱即用。try_zip_password 不解压到磁盘，只读取压缩包里第一个文件的内容做试探，密码对不对马上知道，速度快还不占空间。密码用 encode("utf-8") 转字节串传给 pwd 参数，这是zipfile库的要求。rglob("*.zip") 递归找所有zip文件，包括子目录。解压时每个压缩包单独建一个子文件夹，防止不同压缩包里同名文件互相覆盖。字典文件不存在时用内置常用密码兜底，不至于空跑。